Welcome to Polonnaruwa: A Journey Through Time

Polonnaruwa, an ancient city in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, is renowned for its well-preserved ruins, impressive monuments, and historical significance. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Polonnaruwa offers a captivating journey through the island’s medieval past. The city’s carefully maintained archaeological sites and serene environment create an ideal setting for historical exploration and cultural discovery.

The Royal Palace and Council Chamber

The Royal Palace of King Parakramabahu I is a highlight of Polonnaruwa. Although only the foundations and a few pillars remain, the grandeur of the palace is still evident. Nearby, the Council Chamber, with its intricate stone carvings and detailed architecture, offers a glimpse into the administrative prowess of the ancient kingdom. The site also includes the Audience Hall and the Royal Bathing Pool, providing a comprehensive look at royal life in medieval Sri Lanka.

The Sacred Quadrangle

The Sacred Quadrangle, or Dalada Maluwa, is a compact group of significant religious buildings. The Vatadage, a circular relic house with beautifully carved stone pillars, is a standout structure. The Gal Potha (Stone Book) and the Thuparama Image House, housing a giant Buddha statue, are also located within this sacred area. Each monument within the Sacred Quadrangle tells a story of religious devotion, artistic achievement, and architectural innovation, making it a must-see for any visitor.

The Magnificent Gal Vihara

The Gal Vihara is one of Polonnaruwa’s most iconic sites, featuring four massive rock-cut Buddha statues. These statues, carved out of a single granite rock, showcase different postures of the Buddha, including the reclining, standing, and seated positions. The artistry and craftsmanship of these sculptures are truly awe-inspiring. The serene surroundings of Gal Vihara provide a peaceful atmosphere for contemplation and appreciation of these ancient masterpieces.

Parakrama Samudra and Irrigation Systems

The Parakrama Samudra, a vast reservoir built by King Parakramabahu I, highlights the advanced engineering skills of ancient Sri Lanka. This massive body of water, also known as the Sea of Parakrama, played a crucial role in the kingdom’s irrigation system and agricultural prosperity. Visitors can take a scenic walk along the reservoir’s banks, enjoy birdwatching, and learn about the innovative techniques used to create and maintain this vital resource.

Historical Significance

Polonnaruwa served as the second capital of Sri Lanka after the fall of Anuradhapura. The city thrived under the rule of King Parakramabahu I in the 12th century, becoming a center of commerce, religion, and culture. The well-preserved ruins and monuments of Polonnaruwa reflect the city’s historical importance and architectural brilliance. The archaeological museum in Polonnaruwa provides detailed information about the city’s history, artifacts, and the daily life of its ancient inhabitants.